自由,似乎是一个人类的永恒追求。各种不同的看法,都是一定的社会环境、立场以及思维方式的产物,即便到现在,对于“自由”,也没有一个统一的结论。而关于自由的讨论,不断地给我们带来新的启发。于是,我们开始思考自由是什么,它是否是一种幻觉?
上一学期由于疫情的缘故,没能线下举行上一期公众演讲决赛,所以我们将决赛安排在了本学期开学初举行。本期的公共演讲,集合了光华美高各个年级段的王牌演讲选手,跻身决赛圈。我们来看一看他们是如何针对“自由是否是一种幻觉”这个话题展开激烈的讨论。
主持人王一荃上台对比赛规则进行了说明。随后,同学们依次上台抽签决定演讲顺序。
参赛者演讲分享
郭天羽
Is freedom an illusion? Well, YES! There is no such thing as absolute freedom! It is a mistaken thinking and never exists! Political, economic, and societal factors can all restrict freedom! Always have this truth in mind—absolute freedom is an illusion!
解读:本次决赛冠军获得者郭天羽认为,我们没有绝对的自由,它受限于政治、经济以及社会多方面因素的影响。自由,不是凭主观臆断地为所欲为,而是在客观规律的约束下理性的自由。如,大到不违反法律法规,不危害国家利益,小至不违反社会准则,不影响他人。
邵嘉勋
Most of us believe freedom of choice means an absolute right to do what we want, when we want to do it. While this may be true, it also states that the limits of these freedoms, such as threats, invasion of privacy, fraud, etc. This means that while you do have the absolute freedom to do what you want when you want, you don't have the right to violate the rights of other members of society. Laws were established to enforce these limits and protect the rights of society as a whole. Just as the freedom of all citizens overrules our individual right to freedom, complying with the rules that society has adopted ensures that freedom is available to all.
解读:邵嘉勋则认为,虽然我们有绝对的自由去做想做的事,但我们无权侵犯社会中其他成员的权利。于是法律被制定出来用于执行这些限制,并保护整个社会的权利。遵守社会所采用的规则可以确保所有人都能获得自由。正如博莱索曾经说过:“我们像鹰一样,生来就是自由的,但是为了生存,我们不得不为自己编制和一个笼子,把自己关在里面。”这个“笼子”便是法律。俗话说,没有规矩,不成方圆。
贾学良
Freedom can be defined as the absence of constraints or limitations.
解读:什么是自由?在贾学良的演讲中,我们找到了对于自由的其中一种定义,自由可以定义为没有约束或限制。那么,我们不得不思考,当自由被嵌上各种条条框框时,我们依旧自由吗?
张致轩
Too many contradicts Shows another thinking—Determinism.“The decisions we do, it seems free and we choose our life,but these decisions we do are all been limited and effected since we were born.” According to Determinism, we make decisions in a chain, and each decision is based on the previous one, Which is limited by your own life environment:job,family,relationships,finances.
解读:张致轩提到了现代哲学和心理学中有趣的理论-决定论,由决定论的思想来阐明自己的观点,他认同人们的行为是由外部变量和因果关系决定的,而不是个人内在的意志力或决定。这也意味着,即使有一个看起来像是一个自由选择,其实也是由既定的原因和系统决定的。
周禹
Nowadays there are many restrictions which can stop people from doing things freely. Forinstance, laws personal relationship and many social reasons. New definition of freedom states that people have the right to do things freely based on the laws.
解读: 周禹相信,自由可以拥有,然而有许多限制可以阻止人们自由地做事。例如,法律条约、人际关系等诸多社会原因。同时,他也给我们指出了对于自由的新定义,在法律法规规定范围内,人们可以有权去自由地做事。
颁奖典礼
决赛第一名:郭天羽
决赛第二名:邵嘉勋
决赛第三名:贾学良
决赛入围:张致轩 周禹
结语
自由到底是什么,它是否是一种幻觉?似乎每个人都有自己的理解和看法。至少,我们明白自由不是绝对的。通向自由之路如爬山,想要看看山顶的无限美好,就要历经大自然设定好的生存规则,即便是悬崖峭壁。只有这样,我们才能无限接近于”自由”。
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